NETWORKING
Cabling
Fibre Cable Power Loss Calculations
Network Terms / Glossary
Ethernet
A LAN originally developed by Xerox in 1976. Ethernet became a widely implemented network from which the IEEE 802.3 standard for contention networks was developed. It uses a bus topology and the original Ethernet relies on CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access / Collision Detect) to regulate traffic on the main communication line.
Open System Interconnect Model
| OSI Layer | Function Provided |
| Application | Network applications such as file transfer, terminal emulation, Email etc |
| Presentation | Data formatting and encryption |
| Session | Negotiation and establishment of sessions |
| Transport | Provision for end to end reliable delivery |
| Network | Routing of packets of information across multiple networks |
| Data Link | Transfer of units of information, framing, and error checking |
| Physical | Transmission of binary data of a medium |
IEEE 802.3 Standards
| Ethernet | Data Rate | Max Length | Cable Type |
| 10BaseT | 10 Mbps | 100 m | Category 3,4,5 UTP / STP |
| 10Base2 | 10 Mbps | 185 m | Thin-wire Ethernet Coax 50 Ohm |
| 10Base5 | 10 Mbps | 500 m | Thick Ethernet Coax 50 Ohm |
| 10BaseFL | 10 Mbps | 1000 m | Fibre multimode 62.5/125m or 50/125 m |
| 10BaseFX | 10 Mbps | 2 Km 25 Km |
Fibre multimode 62.5/125m or 50/125 m Fibre single mode 9 m |
| Fast Ethernet | |||
| 100BaseT | 100Mbps | 100 m | Category 5 UTP / STP |
| 100BaseFX | 100Mbps | 412 m 2 Km |
Fibre multimode 62.5/125m or 50/125 m Half-Duplex
Fibre multimode 62.5/125m or 50/125 m Full-Duplex |
| Gigabit Ethernet | |||
| 1000BaseT | 1000 Mbps | 100 m | Category 5E UTP |
| 1000BaseCX | 1000 Mbps | 25 m | Twin ax Copper Cable |
| 1000BaseSX | 1000 Mbps | 220m 275 m 550 m |
Fibre multimode 62.5/125 m attenuation 160Mhz/Km
Fibre multimode 62.5/125 m attenuation 200Mhz/Km Fibre multimode 50/125 m attenuation 500Mhz/Km |
| 1000BaseLX | 1000Mbps | 550m 3 Km |
Fibre multimode 50/125 m attenuation 500Mhz/Km
Fibre single mode 8/125 m |
Repeating Hub: A single shared 10Base or 100Base network segment. All devices compete for access to the one shared 10Base or 100Base bandwidth and must be the same speed as each other. All network packets are seen by all devices.
Switching Hub: Each device/port has it's own 10/100BaseT bandwidth. The hub automatically learns which device is connected to which port. Network Packets are then only passed to the appropriate port - apart from broadcasts. The high-speed back plane inside switching hubs allows the interconnection of different devices at 10/100/1000Base. This allows a few very high-speed connections to be used for servers, thus allowing multiple clients to access each server using cheap 10/100BaseT connections simultaneously.
Router: Used to connect to remote site over WAN links like phone/ISDN and leased lines. Routers are network protocol dependent, they block broadcasts and any protocol they don't support. They make forwarding decisions at the network layer of the OSI model.
Networking Acronyms
| ASIC | Application-Specific Integrated Circuit |
| ATM | Asynchronous Transfer Mode |
| CSMA/CD | Carrier Sense Multiple Access / Collision Detection |
| FDDI | Fibre Distributed Data Interface |
| FTP | File Transfer Protocol |
| GMII | Gigabit Media Independent Interface | IC | Integrated Circuit |
| IEEE | Institute of Electrical Electronics Engineers |
| IETF | Internet Engineering Task Force |
| IFG | InterFrame Gap |
| ISO | International Standards Organization |
| LAN | Local Area Network |
| LANE | LAN Emulation |
| MAC | Media Access Control |
| MIB | Management Information Base |
| MPLS | MultiProtocol Label Switching |
| MPOA | MultiProtocol Over ATM |
| NIC | Network Interface Card |
| NAT | Network Address Translation RFC 3027 |
| NOS | Network Operating System |
| OSI | Open Systems Interconnect |
| PAR | Project Authorization Request |
| PNNI | Private Network to Network Interface | POTS | Plain Old Telephone Service |
| QoS | Quality of Service |
| RAS | Remote Access Service |
| RMON | Remote monitoring |
| RSVP | Resource Reservation Protocol |
| SAN | Storage Area networking |
| SMTP | Simple Mail Transfer Protocol |
| SNMP | Simple Network Management Protocol |
| TCP/IP | Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol |
| UDP | User Datagram Protocol |
| UTP | Unshielded Twisted Pair |
| VLAN | Virtual LAN |
| VPN | Virtual Private Network |
| WAN | Wide Area Network |
WAP & Internet Acronyms
| BNF | Backus-Naur |
| HDML | Handheld Markup Language [HDML2] |
| HTML | HyperText Markup Language [HDML4] |
| HTTP | HyperText Tranfer Protocol [RFC2068] |
| IANA | Internet Assigned Number Authority |
| IMAP | Internet Message Access Protocol |
| MMI | Man-Machine Interface |
| PDA | Personal Digital Assistant |
| POP | Post Office Protocol |
| RFC | Request For Comments |
| SGML | Standardised Generalised Markup Language [ISO8879] |
| UI | User Interface |
| URL | Uniform Resource Locator [RFC2396] |
| URN | Uniform Resource Name |
| W3C | World Wide Web Consortium |
| WAE | Wireless Application Environment [WAE] |
| WAP | Wireless Application Protocol [WAP] |
| WSP | Wireless Session Protocol [WSP] |
| XML | Extensible Markup Language [XML] |
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Last modified: 04 June 2005
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